The Source Apportionment of in Chongqing City

The Source Apportionment of PM10 in Chongqing City
　　PM10 is an important index for atmospheric environmental quality; also PM10 is harm for human health. So ascertain the source and contribution of PM10 is a good significance for making the controlled methods.The samples of PM10 were collected in April and November 2006 at Yuzhong, Jiangbei, Nanan, Shangbingba, Yubei, Dadukou, Jiulongpo, Banan, Beibei 9 sampling sites of Chongqing urban and Jinyunshan site for compared, and analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), inorganic elements, water-solubility ions and the Block neodymium magnet concentration of PM10. Seven source of PM10 were confirmed: road dust, construction dust, coal smoke dust, cement dust, steel dust, mobile exhaust gas, and second particle and then analyze the chemical component of them. At last, the chemical mass balance model (CMB) was used for the source apportionment of PM10 in Chongqing city. The main conclusion is as follow:The concentration of PM10 during the sampling in spring and autumn is 0.211 mg/m3 and 0.280mg/m3 respectively.
　　The highest concentration of PM10 in Dadukou district, the value is 0.312 mg/m3, the lowest concentration of PM10 in Jinyunshan district, the value is 0.111 mg/m3. The order of concentration from high to low is Dadukou, Shapingba, Jiangbei, Jiulongpo, Banan, Yuzhong, Nanan, Beibei, Yubei, and Jinyunshan.The inorganic elements are divided to earth elements and pollution related elements. As the result of analyses, the concentration of Si is the most highest in earth elements, the value is 7896.2μg/m3 and the concentration of S is the most highest in pollution related elements, the value is 11390.8μg/m3. In spatial distribution, the concentration of pollution related elements are higher in Jiangbei, Shapingba, Dadukou, Jiulongpo, and Yuzhong and in temporal distribution; the value in autumn is higher. The enrichment factors of S, Se, Br, and Pb are more serious.During the sampling the concentration of OC and EC is 55.08μg/m3 and 7.64μg/m3 respectively. The OC concentration is higher in autumn and the EC concentration variety rule is not distinctness. In the district of Jiulongpo, http://www.chinamagnets.biz/    Dadukou, Jiangbei, Shapingba and Yuzhong have the high value of EC and OC The pollution character and relativity analyses display the secondary organic carbon serious pollution of OC and EC in PM10, especially in autumn.The concentration of NH4+ and Ca2+ are higher in the cation, the value is 13.65μg/m3 and 9.47μg/m3 respectively. The concentration of SO42- and NO3- are higher in the anion, the value is 60.84μg/m3 and 13.93μg/m3 respectively. In the district of Dadukou, Nanan, Jiulongpo, Beibei, Yuzhong the concentration of water-solubility ions are higher. In spring the cation is more than anion, and the PM10 show neutral, in autumn the anion is more, and the PM10 show acidity. The relativity of Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, NO3- and SO42- are well than NH4+, Cl-, and F-.The mostly source of PM10 in Chongqing city is road dust, construction dust, coal smoke dust, cement dust, steel dust, mobile exhaust gas, and secondary particle, and the contribution is 20.48%, 11.03%, 3.73%, 8.58%, 3.74%, 21.64% and 22.20% respectively. The part of incertitude is 8.63%.