Studies on Anti-tumor Effect of Rare Earth Cerium and It’s Mechanism

Studies on Anti-tumor Effect of Rare Earth Cerium and It’s Mechanism
　　Tumor is one of major diseases that threat the health of people severely.Drug treatment is one of the effective therapeutic approaches for tumortreatment. At present, there are many kinds of the anti-tumor medicine that hasthe properties such as low-selectivity, high-toxicity and drug-tolerance, so thatthe effective of chemotherapy is not satisfying. Thus, it becomes a hot spot ofstudy to develop a new chemotherapy medicine. The aim of this study is supply theory-support for the development ofnew chemotherapy medicine by investigating the anti-tumor activity of rareearth Cerium and approaching the mechanism of the activity in vivo and vitro. 1. Toxicity of Cerium nitrate in Vitro The study used MTT method to detect the toxic activities of Ceriumnitrate on FL cell lines and L929 Block Neodymium magnets cell lines in vitro. The results showed that:There won’t toxic activities even were advance-growth activities on both celllines when the experimental concentration of Cerium nitrate were low to 0.64mmol·L-1 except on L929 cell lines at the dosage of 0.16 mmol·L-1. 2. Anti-tumor Activity of Cerium nitrate in Vitro The study used MTT method to detect the anti-tumor activities ofsodium nitrate on HeLa cell lines and Cerium nitrate on seven cancer celllines: HeLa、 SMMC-7221、SGC-7901、 B16、 Lewis、K562 and H22 celllines. The results showed that :The first, comparing with CG, Sodium nitratehadn’t distinguished inhabitation of the growth and proliferation of HeLa celllines on all groups. The second, comparing with CG, Sodium nitrate hadnoticeable inhabitation of growth and proliferation of cancer cells listed abovein vitro on 0.64 mmol·L-1、1.28 mmol·L-1、2.56 mmol·L-1 and 5.12 mmol·L-1;Sodium nitrate inhabit the growth and proliferation of cancer cells includingHeLa、SGC-7901、B16 and K562 on 0.08 mmol·L-1;Sodium nitrate hadnoticeable inhabitation of the growth and proliferation of H22 cell lines invitro on 0.04 mmol·L-1 and 0.01 mmol·L-1. The third, Sodium nitrate hadnoticeable inhabitation of the colony formation of cancer cells including B16and SGC-7901 on 0.08 mmol·L-1 and 1.28 mmol·L-1.3. Melanin pigment production of B16 cell linesThe study detected the content of melanin of B16 cell lines byspectrophotometer.
　　The results showed that: Cerium nitrate can promotemelanin pigment production of B16 cell lines.4. Effect cell cycle of Cerium nitrate in VitroThe study used One-Fluorescence Dying method on Flow Cytometer todetect the cell cycle of Cerium nitrate on SGC-7901. The results showed that:After Cerium nitrate affect tumor-cell-lines for 48 h, Cerium nitrate coulddelay G0/G1 and shorten S of cell cycle at the dosage of 0.08 mmol·L-1 ,at thesame time Cerium nitrate can delay G0/G1、G2+M and shorten S of cell cycleat the dosage of 1.28 mmol·L-15. Anti-tumor Study of Cerium nitrate in VivoThe study set up KM bearing H22 mice model by injecting tumor cellson left inguinal groove. Then treated with Cerium nitrate (50、100、200mg·kg-1) for twoweeks. After that , the study measured mouse weight、tumor weight、thymus weight、spleen weight and liver weight and calculated increment of weight、inhibitionratio、thymous Index 、spleen Index and liver Index. The results showed that:①The increments of weight of experimental group were not different fromthat of CG. There was obviously different between CYT and CG. It wasreflected by this result that the experimental group’s effect of increment ofweight was less comparing with CYT. ②The tumor weight of experimentalgroups and CYT were lower by far comparing with CG and this resultreflected that Cerium nitrate can inhibit the growth of tumor. In addition, LDof Cerium nitrate had higher inhibition (47.8%) than other experimentalgroups and approached CYT. ③The thymus Indexes of LD and MD werehigher than that of CG Block Neodymium magnets and the thymus Indexes of experimental groups weresignificant higher than that of CYT. The spleen Indexes of experimentalgroups were higher than that of CG and especially the spleen Indexes of MDwere obviously higher than that of CG and there were not notable differentbetween experimental groups and CYT in spleen Indexes. These resultsreflected that Cerium nitrate could activate immune organ and toxicity ofCerium nitrate was lower than that of CYT on immune organ. ④Except forLD other experimental group’s and CYT’s liver Indexes were not obviouslydifferent from the liver Index of CG.
　　This result reflected that Cerium nitratecan’t harm the stomach of mice by intragastric administration for short time.6. T Lymphocyte TransformationThe http://www.999magnet.com/ study used MTT method to detect the T lymphocyte transformationof Cerium nitrate on KM bearing H22 mice. The results showed that: The Tlymphocyte transformation rates of MD and CYT were higher than that of CGand the T lymphocyte transformation rate of LD was obviously higher thanthat of CG. This result reflected that Cerium nitrate can promote T lymphocytetransformation and enhance immunity.7. SOD Activity and GSH Level in Blood SerumThe study used kit standard method (Nan Jing Jian Cheng Sheng WuGong Cheng Yan Ju Suo) to detect the SOD activity and GSH level in bloodserum of bearing H22 mice. The results showed that: ①The SOD activity ofMD was higher than that of CG and The SOD activity of LD was obviouslyhigher than that of CG. The SOD activities of all experimental groups werehigher than that of CYT. ② The GSH levels of all experimental groups andCYT were higher than that of CG and The GSH level of HD was notablyhigher than that of CG. These results reflected that Cerium nitrate can enhancethe SOD activity and raise the GSH level in blood serum and promotecapabilities on anti-oxidation Block Neodymium magnets and anti-mutation.8. TNF Activity in Blood SerumThe study used MTT method to detect the TNF activity in blood serumof bearing H22 mice. The result showed that: The TNF activities of allexperimental groups and CYT were minute lower than that of CG. This resultreflected that Cerium nitrate can’t enhance the TNF activity in blood serum.CONCLUSION: We consider that Cerium nitrate has the property thatis low toxicity and high selectivity, at the same time it can inhibit growth andproliferation of so many kinds of tumor cell lines by adjusting cell cycle、inhibiting DNA synthesis、promoting T lymphocyte transformation、enhancingSOD activity and raising GSH level. In addition to we discover that Ceriumnitrate can promote the differentiation of tumor cell.